我国区域农业生产效率动态评价及优化策略研究——基于DEA-Malmquist指数分解法

A Dynamic Evaluation on Regional Agricultural Production Efficiency and Its Optimization Strategy in China——A Malmquist Analysis

已有文献对农业生产效率动态评价采用了系统聚类法、运筹法、DEA法等,比较普遍使用的是DEA模型及Malmquist指数对农业生产效率进行评价,但选取的时间阈值不同,评价的范围不同,评价的结果也不尽一致。文章运用DEA方法和Malmquist指数对我国31个省市区2004—2013年10年间农业生产效率进行评价,结果表明:我国农业生产效率均值为0.954,我国大部分地区农业生产要素投入比较合理,尤其在农业资源要素的使用上;在研究期间内,我国农业生产效率呈提升状态,增长了10.5%,其主要贡献源自于技术进步效率的迅猛提升;技术效率增长缓慢,制约了我国农业生产效率的快速提升。建议通过调整农业人力资本配置、提高农业劳动力的文化和科技水平、提高农业生产组织化程度来提升农业生产效率。

This paper meant to examine the agricultural production efficiency of a 31 provincial panel base during 2004---2013 by applying DEA and Malmquist Index Methodology. The result demonstrated that the average agricul- tural production efficiency is 0.954. The input of agricultural production elements is reasonable in majority areas in China, especially the use of agricultural resources. The agricultural production efficiency is rising, up by 10.5%, mainly out of the increase of the technical progress efficiency. The technical efficiency increases slowly, which re- strains a quick rise of agricultural production efficiency in China. It proposed that the agricultural production efficien- cy be raised by adjusting the allocation of the agricultural human capital, improving the cultural and scientific levels of the agricultural labor forces and advancing the systematization of the agricultural productions organizations.