话语标记“我说什么来着”的功能及形成机制

The Function and Forming Mechanism of the Discourse marker of “Wo Shuo Zheme Laizhe”

在自然会话中,无疑而问的"我说什么来着"是一个预期信息标记,说话人用它来提醒听话人注意现实情况与说话人的预期一致。在实际的会话交际活动中,预期信息标记"我说什么来着"有"预期回顾"、"预期植入"两种不同的使用模式,二者的使用背景、语篇分布都有所不同。预期信息标记"我说什么来着"的形成以它的来源形式——疑问句"我说什么来着"的概念义为基础,会话合作原则(特别是适量准则)、语用推理以及推导义的固化等语用因素对于它的最终形成也发挥了重要的促进作用。

In natural conversations, ＂我说什么来着 （Wo Shuo Zheme Laizhe）＂ is an expected message marker, the use of which is to make the listener aware that the actual situation is consistent with the speaker＇s expectation. In ac- tual dialogic activities, this marker has two patterns --- ＂expected review＂ and ＂expected implantation＂ --- with differ- ent context in use and discursive distributions. The formation of this expected message marker （based on its origin --- the conceptual meaning of its interrogative form） has been much influenced by the Cooperative Principle （especially the maxim of quantity）, pragmatic inference, and the solidification of the inferred meaning.