重型货车车内声压级预测

Prediction on the Interior Sound Pressure Level of a Heavy-duty Truck

本文中对一重型货车在20-1 000Hz的频率范围内的车内声压级进行了预测。首先根据各种工况下实测车内噪声信号的能量分布情况,确定了分析的频率范围。然后基于经过验证的驾驶室有限元模型,综合利用有限元和边界元方法,建立了适用于车内低频声压级预测的有限元-边界元模型;综合利用有限元方法和统计能量分析方法,建立了适用于车内中频声压级预测的有限元-统计能量分析混合模型;利用统计能量分析方法,建立了适用于车内高频声压级预测的统计能量分析模型。最后通过实车试验验证了3种模型。结果表明,在分析频率范围内的大部分频率下,驾驶员右耳侧声压级的计算值与实测值的误差在5d B以内,所建立的模型可用于下一步车内声场的分析和优化。

The interior sound pressure level of a heavy duty truck at the frequency range of 20- 1000 Hz is predicted in this paper. Firstly,the frequency range to be analyzed is determined according to the energy distribution of vehicle interior noise measured under various conditions. Then based on the verified finite element model for cabin and with the integrated utilization of finite element method（ FEM） and boundary element method（ BEM）,a finite element / boundary element model for predicting vehicle interior low-frequency noise is built. With the integrated utilization of FEM and statistical energy analysis（ SEA） method,a hybrid finite element / statistical energy analysis model is set up for predicting vehicle interior medium-frequency noise. And a SEA model is also created for predicting vehicle interior high-frequency noise by using SEA method. Finally three models are all verified by real vehicle tests. The results show that for the most part of analysis frequency range,the difference between the calculated value and the measured value is within 5d B,indicating that the models built can be used for the further analysis and optimization of vehicle interior sound field.