词汇有效性输出的心理运作机制研究——基于ESL语篇认知图式化分析

On Psychological Operational Mechanism of Vocabulary Effective Output——based on the analysis of ESL discourse cognitive schema

图式是研究知识被分类和被有效应用的方法和途径,具备推理、搜索、整合、构建的功能。语篇是一种图式,语篇产出是指根据写作目标的刺激输出相关联的有效语篇。语篇产出以词汇的有效性输出为先,有效性输出包含精准词义、正确语法和多变词符。因而,语篇词汇的选取会依据图式的功能,遵循刺激、启动、过滤、精确化的顺序。由于个体的认知背景各不相同,心理图式中的知识体系也不同,词汇输出能力也有高低之分。因此在具体的输出过程中,有必要对词义进行语用加工。

Schema is the method and the way of researching the knowledge classification and effective application, which obtains the functions of reasoning, search, integration and formation. The discourse is a kind of a schema. Discourse production,according to stimulation of the writing goals, refers to the effective output of the text, during which the effective output of the vocabulary is the first step. Effective output contains precise meanings, right forms and using changeability. Therefore, on the basis of the function of schemata, the selection of the discourse words follows the process of stimulus, startup, filter, and precision. Due to different cognitive backgrounds, the knowledge systems in psychological schema are different. The output capacities can be divided into the high level and the low level. Under the stimulus of the same task, there exist differences in vocabulary output. Therefore, in the process of specific output, it is necessary for the lexical meaning to be experienced pragmatic processing.