磷基复合负极在二次电池中的研究进展

Phosphorus-Based Composite Anode Materials for Secondary Batteries

电池作为电能与化学能的高效转化装置,在能源存储及应用方面具有重要作用。锂/钠离子等二次电池作为绿色高能电池,是便携式电子设备、电动汽车及新能源储能的理想电源。研究新型电极材料是研制新一代高性能电池的基础。磷资源丰富,理论比容量高,可用于电池负极材料。目前对磷材料的认知还存在很多不足,阻碍了磷材料的发展和应用,尤其是在储能方面。本文综述了磷各种同素异形体的性质,介绍了近几年磷作为电极材料在储能领域的研究进展,包括复合材料的制备、材料结构对电化学性能的影响等,重点介绍了载体材料结构对磷电化学性能的调控作用,并展望了储能磷材料的未来发展方向。

Secondary batteries play important roles in energy storage. Secondary batteries such as lithium /sodium-ion batteries are promising for portable electronic devices,electric vehicles and green energy storage.The research on novel electrode materials is important for rechargeable battery of next generation. Phosphorus is attractive as anode materials due to its high theoretical specific capacity and abundant resources. However,there are many unknown aspects of phosphorus materials,which hinders its development and application,especially in the field of energy storage. This paper focuses on the properties of all the allotropes of phosphorus,and briefly introduces the research advances of phosphorus anode in recent years,including preparation,the effects of matrix structure on electrochemical performances and on the mechanisms. Meanwhile, the paper prospects the development trend of phosphorus based composites,aiming at further application in secondary batteries.