酸碱驱动的分子机器研究与应用

Molecular Machines Driven by Acid-Base Chemistry and Their Applications

酸碱驱动的分子机器是化学驱动的分子机器的重要组成部分,是构筑分子机器的研究热点。近年来,酸碱驱动的分子机器理论研究水平不断提高。在此基础上,围绕构筑功能性、实用型的分子机器的研究成果也不断出现。目前,酸碱度驱动的分子机器在超分子凝胶、超分子催化、药物载体、超分子阀门、超分子聚合物等方面表现出很好的应用价值。本文以分子机器的酸碱驱动力为主题,分别从准轮烷、轮烷及索烃等角度,综述了近年来分子机器在合成方面的研究进展,并对酸碱度驱动的分子机器的应用实例进行总结,最后对酸碱驱动的分子机器的完善空间和发展趋势进行了展望。

As one of the important parts of the molecular machines,molecular machines driven by acid-base chemistry play the crucial role in molecular machines,and have attracted more and more attentions for the applications in the design and construction of controllable molecular machines. At the same time,owing to the great progresses in theory studies of the molecular machine,several different kinds of functional and practical molecular machines driven by acid-base stimuli have been reported and utilized in supramolecular gels,supramolecular catalysts,supramolecular vesicles,supramolecular nanovalves,supramolecular polymers,and so on. In this paper, the design and applications of acid-base controllable molecular machines based on pseudorotaxanes,rotaxanes,and catenanes are reviewed,and the prospects of such molecular machines are also described.