手性金团簇的制备、性质及应用

Chiral Gold Nanoclusters: Synthesis,Properties and Applications

手性作为生命体固有的自然属性广泛存在于从微观到宏观的自然界中,其现象包括具有高度手性偏好的生物小分子(如L-氨基酸和D-糖),具有不对称空间构象的生物大分子(如DNA双螺旋链),以及其他所有由手性分子或手性结构参与的生理和生化过程。研究者们成功地把分子手性引入到金团簇的表面诞生了一种新的材料——手性金团簇,这种新型纳米级的手性材料实现了手性信号从分子尺度到纳米尺度的跨越。作为一类集表面手性、特殊光学活性和金团簇独特性质于一体的新型纳米材料,手性金团簇在手性催化、手性识别、分子检测等领域具有广泛的应用前景。本文主要综述了手性金团簇的制备、表征、性质及应用,并对其发展前景及面临的挑战进行了总结与展望。

Chiral phenomena are ubiquitous in nature from macroscopic to microscopic,including the high chirality preference of small biomolecules,e. g. L-amino and D-saccharide,special steric conformations of bio-macromolecules induced by it,e. g. DNA,as well as chirality-triggered biological and physiological processes.The introduction of molecule chirality onto the surface of gold nanoclusters lead to the generation of chiral gold nanoclusters,which provides a new platform for controlling chirality signal transmission from molecular level to nanoscale level. As one of most intensively investigated materials with unique properties of both chiral-molecule and gold nanoclusters,chiral gold nanoclusters have application in molecular detection,chiral catalysts,chiral recognition and many other areas. This critical review gives a brief introduction to the recent advances in this field. We start from the preparation of chiral gold nanoclusters,and further characterize their structures to find out key factors governing the chiroptical properties,further introduce some hot applications and finally discuss the future developments and challenges of chiral gold nanoclusters.