木质纤维素催化转化制备DMF和C_5/C_6烷烃

Advances in DMF and C_5/C_6 Alkanes Production from Lignocellulose

生物质是一类重要的可再生资源,将其转化为高品质燃料在能源替代、环境保护等方面具有重要意义。在高品质燃料中,2,5-二甲基呋喃(DMF)具有较高的能量密度、高辛烷值和较高的沸点,是一种非常具有应用前景的可再生含氧液体燃料,掺混后可促进汽油的燃烧;C_5/C_6烷烃是现有汽油的重要组分,在提高汽油辛烷值和调节蒸汽压等方面不可或缺。本文以木质纤维素生物质典型组分纤维素为起始原料,系统总结了纤维素转化为5-羟甲基糠醛(HMF),HMF选择性加氢脱氧为DMF以及完全加氢脱氧为C_5/C_6液体烷烃等转化过程的反应介质、催化体系及反应路径。反应介质包括水、离子液体、极性非质子有机溶剂、含水的双相体系;催化体系包括无机酸、金属盐、固体酸及负载型催化剂。本文对DMF和C_5/C_6烷烃液体燃料高效合成的研究前景进行了展望和评述,以期为纤维素类生物质高效转化为高值液体燃料提供思路和参考。

Lignocellulosic biomass is an important renew able resource,and has potential application in high quality biofuels to substitute fossil energy and reduce green house gas emission. Among those high quality biofuels,oxygen-contained 2,5-dimethyl furan（ DMF） and C5/C6 alkanes show particular interests because these two kinds fuels could be produced from biomass via 5-hydroxymethyl furfural（ HMF） intermediate. DMF is an ideal replacement and/or dopant for the presently used gasoline by enhancing combustion efficiency and reducing contaminant emission because of its higher energy density,higher octane number and higher boiling point. On the other hand,C5/C6 alkanes are the important gasoline components for adjusting the octane number and volatile properties. In this paper,combining our studies,we systematically summarize the status-of-the-art technologies for HMF synthesis from cellulose, and DMF and C5/C6 alkanes production by selective and complete hydrodeoxygenation of HMF respectively,depended on reaction medium,catalyst and pathway. The reaction mediums include water,ionic liquid,polar aprotic organic solvent and water contained biphasic solvent; and catalysts include inorganic acid,metal salt,solid acid and supported catalyst. Finally,the future of biomassderived DMF and C5/C6 alkanes production is remarked and prospected.