亚稳态分子间复合物Al/Bi_2O_3及其应用

Metastable Intermolecular Composite Al/Bi_2O_3 and Its Applications

具有输出压力较高、燃烧效率高、能量释放速率快、安全环保等特点的亚稳态分子间复合物(MIC)Al/Bi_2O_3,在新型火工药剂、炸药和推进剂等含能材料研究领域具有良好的应用前景。本文系统概括了亚稳态分子间复合物Al/Bi_2O_3的反应机理模型、制备方法及其应用。首先介绍并比较了MIC的几种反应机理及模型,详述了目前能够较合理地解释和计算Al/Bi_2O_3输出压力的CJ爆轰模型和热平衡模型。然后综述了纳米Bi_2O_3及Al/Bi_2O_3的制备方法,通过改变制备方法可以获得不同形貌、结构和燃烧性能的纳米Al/Bi_2O_3。同时,分析了反应物粒径和添加物对纳米Al/Bi_2O_3燃烧性能的影响。此外,简要介绍了纳米Al/Bi_2O_3的应用研究进展。最后,对亚稳态分子间复合物Al/Bi_2O_3的研究现状进行了总结,并展望了未来可能的发展前景和方向。

Metastable intermolecular composite（ MIC） Al/Bi2O3 has good features of high combustion efficiency,fast energy releasing rate,high pressure pulse,good safety performance and being environmentfriendly. It shows good application prospects in pyrotechnics,explosives and propellants,etc. In this review,reaction mechanisms and models,preparation and applications of the metastable intermolecular composite Al /Bi2O3 are summarized. First,various theories and models which were used to explain the reaction mechanism of thermites are introduced and compared. The models of the CJ（ Chapman-Jouguet） detonation and thermal equilibrium which could interpret and simulate output pressure of Al/Bi2O3 reasonably are discussed in detail.Second,the preparing methods of Bi2O3 and Al/Bi2O3 are summarized. By using different preparing processes,the morphologies,microstructures and combustion performances of composites could be regulated. Meanwhile,the effects of reactants particle size and various additives in preparing Al/Bi2O3 on its combustion performances are analyzed. Furthermore,a brief introduction of the application research is also presented. Finally,we proposed prospects about the metastable intermolecular composite Al/Bi2O3.