医院压疮现患率与发生率的调查研究

A SURVEY OF PREVALENCE AND INCIDENCE OF PRESSURE ULCERS IN HOSPITAL

目的调查医院压疮现患率和发生率,找出医院压疮发生相关的危险因素,为今后医院压疮管理提供参考依据。方法通过压疮现患率调查表,分别于2013年7、10月及2014年1、4月某日(8:00-18:00),对全院住院病人压疮情况进行调查,严格按照护理部统一标准填写调查表并进行统计分析。结果 4次共调查住院病人11 624例,实查率为98.59%;医院压疮现患率为1.46%,发生率为0.59%;4次调查分析显示,压疮首发部位为骶尾部与足跟部;医院急诊科与重症医学科为压疮现患率较高科室。结论应加强医院压疮管理的科学性与客观性,持续开展教育培训,强化压疮预防意识,对重点科室进行监控,以降低住院病人压疮的发生。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and incidence of pressure ulcers in a hospital and find out related risk factors so as to provide reference for its management. Methods Employing aquestionnaire on prevalence of pressure ulcers,a survey was conducted in all patients hospitalized in July and October 2013 and a certain day（at 8：00-18：00）in January and April of 2014.In strict accordance with the unified standard set by Nursing Department,the questionnaire was filled in and statistically analyzed. Results A total of 11 624 cases of hospitalized patients were investigated in four times with a real check rate being98.59%.The prevalence of pressure ulcers was 1.46%,and incidence was 0.59%.An analysis indicated that both sacrococcygeal region and retrocalcaneal were the most common sites of the lesions.The emergency department and intensive care unit were the department of high prevalence of pressure ulcers. Conclusion Scientific nature and objectivity of management for pressure ulcers happened in hospital should be strengthened,education and training should be lasted,monitoring be carried out in key departments to reduce the occurrence of this condition in hospitalized patients.