社会转型和语言发展——基于帕米尔高原塔吉克族民族志的实证研究

Social Transition and Language Development——A empirical study based on Tajik ethnography of Pamir

由于政策主导使得区域社会发生转型,语言流变受到外力的影响从而无法按照历史推断法来判断。在农牧业生计方式交织的历史呈现背景中,中国塔吉克族语言历史脉络也逐渐清晰起来。笔者根据已有的塔吉克语言本体研究和语言状况调查成果,并结合回收的725份有效问卷进行分析,认为有理由担心移民搬迁远离塔吉克语使用核心区域的部分塔吉克人其塔吉克语临近濒危;与此同时,可供塔吉克人选择的语言很多,也很难做出一刀切这种不切实际的语言政策来做过多的规划。但是,对于语言学研究者来说,积极收集、记录、整理当代色勒库尔和瓦罕塔吉克语语料仍然具有重要的学术价值和现实意义。

Due to the transition of regional society prompted by policy,language evolution influenced by exterior factors could not be judged by historical inference.In the background of historical appearance with production mode of husbandry,language history of Tajik in Xinjiang is clarify gradually.Based on research of Tajik language ontology and results of investigations with the analysis by 725 questionnaires,the author deems it has reason to worry about the Tajiks who move away from the core area where Tajik language is prevalent language and their Tajik language competence might be diminished,Meanwhile,there are many optional language for the group to choose,so it is difficult to make one-size-fits-all language policy and planning relatively.However,for linguistic researchers,it still has great academic value and practical significance to actively collect,record and sort out the contemporary linguistic data of Sarikoli language and Wakhi language.