2008—2013年北京市海淀区手足口病重症病例流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of severe cases of hand,foot and mouth disease in Haidian District of Beijing from 2008-2013

目的了解北京市海淀区2008—2013年手足口病重症病例流行特征,为防治手足口病提供科学依据。方法对2008—2013年北京市海淀区不同户籍和不同年龄的重症率和重症比例关系监测数据进行流行病学分析。结果 2010年该区报告手足口病重症病例最多,流行高峰集中在6、7月份。4岁及以下儿童占89.55%;男女发病比为1.48∶1。手足口病重症发病呈现周期性趋势,地区分布存在差异。流动人口和该区人口手足口病重症病例比为1.72∶1,散居儿童手足口重症病例构成比高于幼托儿童,病原以肠道病毒71型(EV71)为主,占55.81%。结论北京市海淀区手足口病重症发病呈下降趋势,检出阳性病例病原以EV71为主,应加强城乡接合部、流动人口聚居地4岁以下儿童,特别是散居儿童家长手足口病防病知识宣传。

[Objective] To explore the epidemiological characteristics of severe cases of hand,foot and mouth disease（HFMD） in Haidian District of Beijing from 2008-2013,provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD.[Methods] Based on registered permanent residence and age, the severe rate and related monitoring data of HFMD in Haidian District of Beijing from 2008-2013 were analyzed by the epidemiological method.[Results] The number of HFMD severe cases was highest in 2010,and the peak season appeared June to July. 89.55% of cases were children under 4 years old, and male-to-female ratio was 1.48 ∶ 1.The epidemic situation of HFMD severe cases showed a periodic trend, and there was a regional difference. The ratio of severe cases in floating population to resident population was 1.72 ∶ 1. The constituent ratio of HFMD severe cases in scattered children was higher than that in kindergarten children. The major pathogen of severe cases was EV71, accounting for 55.81%.[Conclusion] The incidence of sever HFMD showed a downward trend in Haidian District of Beijing,and the major pathogen of severe cases is EV71. It is necessary to strengthen the publicity of knowledge about prevention and control of HFMD among parents of children under 4 years old among floating population in rural-urban fringe zone,especially scattered children.