青蛤不同地理群体的适温性比较

Comparative Studies on Temperature Adaptation of Different Geographical Populations of Cyclina sinensis

[目的]验证青蛤不同群体间的遗传差异在养殖生长上的表现。[方法]比较了青蛤不同地理群体的浮游幼虫和幼贝在不同温度下的生长和存活率。[结果]在低温20℃下,丹东群体浮游幼虫的生长率为(6.87±0.51)μm/d,显著高于东兴群体和潍坊群体,但第6天存活率(75.62%)与东兴群体和潍坊群体(分别为57.43%和59.39%)差异不显著;丹东群体幼贝的生长率为(57.31±5.34)μm/d,也显著高于东兴群体和潍坊群体;丹东群体幼贝的存活率(63.62%)则与东兴群体(56.46%)和潍坊群体(61.76%)差异不显著。在高温30℃下,丹东群体浮游幼虫的生长率为(4.23±0.68)μm/d,显著低于东兴群体和潍坊群体;丹东群体浮游幼虫的存活率(13.47%)也显著低于东兴群体(44.28%)与潍坊群体(32.65%),但东兴群体与潍坊群体浮游幼虫的存活率差异不显著。东兴群体幼贝的生长率(71.65μm/d)和60 d存活率(38.64%)均显著高于丹东群体和潍坊群体。[结论]该试验结果有助于对青蛤种质资源进行更好地利用和选育。

[Objective] The aim was to verify genetic differences of different geographical populations of Cyclina sinensis in growth performance.[Method]The growth and survival rate of planktonic larvae and shellfish of different geographical populations of Cyclina sinensis under different temperature were compared.[Result] The results showed that growth rate of larvae from Dandong population（ 6. 87 ± 0. 51） μm / d was significantly higher than that from Dongxing and Weifang populations at 20 ℃,which became insignificant after 6 days. Growth rate of juveniles from Dandong population（ 57. 31 ± 5. 34） μm / d was also significantly higher than that from Dongxing population and Weifang population. But no difference was detected in survive rate of juveniles among the three populations. Conversely,at a high temperature of 30 ℃,both growth rate and survival rate of planktonic larvae from Dandong population were significantly lower than that from Dongxing population and Weifang population while no significant difference existed in survival rate between Dongxing population and Weifang population. Both growth rate and survive rate of juveniles after 60 days from Dongxing population（ 71. 65 μm / d） and（ 38. 64%） were significantly higher than that from Dandong population and Weifang population.[Conclusion] The results are helpful to the breeding and utilization of germplasm resources of Cyclina sinensis.