合肥市经济开发区土壤重金属的测定及污染评价

Detection and Causation Analysis of Soil Heavy Metal Contents in Economic and Technological Development Zone of Hefei City

[目的]探讨合肥市经济技术开发区的土壤污染状况。[方法]采用原子吸收分光光度法对土壤中重金属Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd的含量进行测定,并以GB15618-2008《土壤环境质量标准》作为土壤背景值,对合肥市经济技术开发区6个样本区的土壤重金属含量进行评价与分析。[结果]6个样地的重金属,Zn含量平均值为1 680.54 mg/kg,Cu为289.53 mg/kg,Pb为55.49 mg/kg,Cd为17.12 mg/kg。土壤重金属含量总体超标,污染物Zn、Cd和Cu的超标率分别为159.77%、25.12%和3.70%,综合污染指数的范围在1.26~3.22。佳通轮胎厂、合肥学院和合肥市第六人民医院受到轻污染,正发加油站和明珠广场受到中污染,滨湖小区受到重污染。[结论]在城市化进程中,合肥市经济技术开发区土壤污染状况有日趋严重的态势,土壤重金属污染的主要成因可能与生活、工业生产、农业生产、交通运输等有关。

[ Objective ] To discuss the soil pollution status of Economic and Technological Development Zone of Hefei City. [ Method ] Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd contents in soil were detected by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. With GB15618 - 2008 Standard of Soil Environment Quality as the soil background value, soil heavy metals were evaluated and analyzed in six sample areas of Economic and Technological Development Zone of Hefei City. [Result] Among the heavy metal contents in six sample sites, average contents of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd were 1 680.54, 289.53, 55.49 and 17.12 mg/kg, respectively. Soil heavy metal exceeded the standard in general; exceeding standard rates of pollutants Zn, Cd and Cu were 159.77%, 25.12% and 3.70%, respectively. The range of comprehensive pollution index was between 1.26 and 3.22. The 6 samples were polluted to various extents： Jiatong Tire Factory, Hefei University and the Six People＇ s Hospital of Heifei were polluted slightly; .the gas station and Pearl Plaza were moderately polluted; and Binhu Community was heavily polluted. [ Conclusion ] During urbanization process, s0il pollution in Economic and Technological Development Zone of Hefei City has become more and more serious. The main causes of heavy metal pollution in soil may be associated with daily life, industrial production, agricultural production, transportation and