《齐物论》中的“梦”与“觉”释义

A Tentative Analysis of “Dream”and “Awakening”In On Leveling All Things

《齐物论》是在破除和超越"知"的意义上讨论"梦"和"觉"的问题,全篇首先破除认识本身与认识对象之间的对应关系,其次破除"共相"和价值判断,从而认可彼我双方在根本上的"同一",最后在超越"知"的意义上强调生命整体的和谐运作。庄子由此强调,人们首先在事实判断的层面能够意识到"梦"和"觉"的客观差异,但又在反思的层面破除价值判断,从而认识到"梦"和"觉"的无差别,"知"这种独立于生命整体之外的单独判断无法呈现"梦"和"觉"的本来面貌,只有摈弃"分"的方式,才有可能通向"道"。

Zhuang Zi＇ s （ 庄子） On Leveling All Things （《齐物论》） talks about ＂ dream＂ （ 梦 ） and ＂awakening＂ （ 觉 ） in the sense of breaking out and transcending the ＂consciousness＂ （知 ）. Firstly, his essay breaks down the correspondence between the consciousness itself and the object of cognition. Secondly, by denying the universals （共相） and value judgment, his theory holds that both sides are fundamentally ＂identical＂ （同一）. Finally, it emphasizes the harmonious operation of life integrity in the sense of transcending the ＂consciousness＂. The same theory argues that people can come to realize the objective differences of ＂dream＂ and ＂awakening＂ at the level of factual judgment. However, it turns out that people can come to realize the identity of ＂dream＂ and ＂awakening＂ as a result of breaking down value judgment at the level of reflection. In short, the ＂consciousness＂ as an independent judgment isolated from life integrity, cannot present the real picture of ＂ dream＂ and ＂ awakening＂. Only by discarding the traditional way of ＂separation＂ （分） to see the world, can it be possible to find the real way （道） to follow.