利用相转移催化烷基化合成α-氨基酸

SYNTHESIS OF α-AMINO ACIDS BY THE ALKYLATION OF ETHYL FORMYLAMINOMALONATE UNDER TWO PHASE CONDITIONS

1944年,Snyder 等和 Albertson 等分别由3-二甲氨基吲哚的季铵盐与丙二酸酯衍生物进行烷基化反应合成色氨酸,产率分别为45%和35%.1945年,Snyder 与 Shekleton等由乙酰氨基丙二酸乙酯用氯苄、溴丁烷。

Ethyl formylaminomalonate was prepared by nitrosation of ethyl malon- ate with sodium nitrite and acetic acid,followed by reduction with zinc and formic acid,according to the procedure of Galat.The crude product was purified by recrystallization with water instead of fraction distillation in vacuum. Six α-amino acids(phenylalinine,aspartic acid,leucine,norvaline,valine and isoleucine)have been prepared by the alkylation of ethyl formylamino- malonate with halocompounds under two phase couditions.Triethylbenzylam- monium chloride is used as the phase transfer catalyst.Yields of pure α- amino acids are in the range of 30% to 70%.