非平衡系统的势函数

POTENTIAL OF NONEQUILIBRIUM SYSTEMS

用热力学极限下master方程的定态解定义了非平衡系统的势函数,证明在平衡态时,这个势函数归为熵,在线性非平衡区它等效于超熵.在远离平衡态当熵和超熵失去了作为热力学势的性质后,新定义的非平衡势仍然保持它在近平衡时的全部作为势的特征.

A nonequilibrium potential is defined in terms of the stationary solution of master equations in thermodynamic limit. In statistical equilibrium, this potential is reduced to entropy while in linear nonequilibrium region to ex- cess entropy. It is shown that the new entity keeps its characteristic prop- erties as a thermopotenial in the region far from equilibrium when entropy and excess entropy no longer work.