黑河生态调水前后中游土地利用变化分析

Land use changes after ecological water diversion in midstream of the Heihe River basin

水资源对干旱区土地的开发利用起着决定性作用,基于GIS的空间数据处理功能及数学统计分析功能,分析生态调水前后1986—2000年和2000—2005年2个时期黑河中游土地利用的动态变化.结果表明:调水前,耕地和城乡建设用地处于增加状态,调水后增速加快;调水前,林地、草地和未利用土地均处于减少状态,调水后,林地和草地减速有所缓解,未利用土地的减速增加;调水政策的实施使水域面积从减小趋势转变为增加趋势.实施黑河生态调水后,中游土地利用整体变化速度加快.调水前,土地利用变化的主导类型是耕地、草地和水域;调水后,土地利用变化的主导类型为耕地、未利用土地和草地.黑河中游土地资源的开发程度呈增加趋势,调水后比调水前发展速度快.

Water plays a significant role in arid land development and utilization. GIS spatial data processing and statistical analysis were used to investigate changes in land utilization in midstream of the Heihe River basin in periods of 1986 2000 and 2000 2005.It was found that cultivated and construction lands exhibited increasing trend,and such trend sped up after diversion.Forest-land,pasture-land and un-used land showed decreasing tendency.Water surface area firstly increased,and then decreased.Implementation of ecological water diversion accelerated the speed of land-use.The dominant types of land-use changes before water diversion were cultivated land,pasture-land and water surface area,after water diversion the dominant types were cultivated land,un-used land and pasture-land.Land ecological development was not significant, but showed increasing tendency.Land developments became faster after implementation of ecological water diversion.