某医院住院恶性肿瘤患者医院感染调查

Investigation on nosocomial infection in patients with malignant tumor in a hospital

目的了解住院恶性肿瘤患者医院感染的分布特点,为有效预防与控制提供参考依据。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,对某医院住院恶性肿瘤患者医院感染临床分布特点进行前瞻性调查与分析,提出有效防控措施。结果该医院2013年度共收治恶性肿瘤患者24 885例,发生医院感染139例,感染率为0.56%。感染发生部位居前3位的分别是呼吸道、手术切口和血液相关感染,构成比依次为46.04%、23.74%和14.39%。感染病例主要集中在肿瘤内外科和重症监护室(ICU)。感染患者送检病原学标本检出的病原菌居前3位分别是大肠埃希菌、白色假丝酵母菌和肺炎克雷伯菌。结论该医院住院恶性肿瘤患者医院感染主要发生在内外科和ICU,有效控制抗菌药物的使用和加强各种插管留置中无菌操作和消毒隔离是防控的重点措施。

Objective To explore the distribtion characteristics of the malignant tumor patients with hospital infection,so as to provide guidance for control the hospital infections effectivelis. Methods The prospective survey was used to analyze the occurrence of hospital infection cases in tumor patients. Results In 24 885 tumor patients in hospital in 2013. 139 cases occurred hospital infection and the infection rate was 0. 56%. The infection sites included respiratory infections,surgical site infections and blood system,accounting for 46. 04%,23. 74% and 14. 39%,respectively. The mainly infection department included medical oncology,surgical oncology,and ICU. The top three pathegnes were Escherichia coli,Candida albicans and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Conclusion Hospital infection of inpatients with malignant tumors occur mainly in the hospital of internal medicine,surgery and ICU. The focus on prevention and control measures is effective in controlling the use of antibiotics and strengthening management of indwelling intubation in aseptic technique and sterilization and isolation.