指导性案例适用方法研究

A Study of the Application of Directive Cases

指导性案例适用方法的定位失准是造成制度预期与实际效果形成落差的重要原因之一,判例法的经验可为我们提供有益的参考。当前指导性案例的适用方法与传统司法办案方法有高度继承性,但不符合案例指导的本质特征。指导性案例适用方法的革新应重点从三方面推进:要旨法条化与案件事实细化间的配合,为准确把握案例提供前提;肯定类推作为适用指导性案例的基础方法,正确把握和适用类推的度;发展区别技术,防止对"目的论"的滥用。

One of the difficulties in promoting case guidance system is that judicial personnel lacks the knowledge about case guidance and cannot reach a consensus. It is important to study the applicable methods of directive cases. The experiences of countries from the two law systems can be helpful references. Current applicable methods of directive cases are inheritance of traditional judicial ways, and do not represent the essence of case guidance system. There are three aspects to pay attention. First, we should legalize the main ideas and refine case facts to further seize the cases. Second, we should ensure that analogy is the basis of applying directive cases and moderately seize and apply the way of analogy. Third, we should develop distinguishing technology and prevent the abuse of finalism.