广州适宜的植物引种来源地与气候区选择研究

A Study on the Selection of Appropriate Source Regions and Climate Zones for Guangzhou to Introduce Plants

为探讨适宜广州地区的引种来源地与气候区,以气候相似论与区系发生论为依据,通过构建适应性等级评价指标,研究广州园林植物种质资源圃中由不同来源地与气候区栽培2年以上的932种(包括种下单位)引种植物的生长适应性。结果表明:1)不同气候区引种植物在广州的适应性不同,其适应性顺序为:副热带季风气候区植物>热带季风气候区植物>副热带季风性湿润气候区植物>热带雨林气候区植物>热带草原气候区植物>热带干旱半干旱气候区植物>地中海气候区植物;2)适宜广州引种的地区有:亚洲的中国秦岭-淮河以南、中南半岛、菲律宾群岛北部、南亚等地区,美洲的加勒比海沿岸、亚马孙河沿岸、美国佛罗里达州的东南岸,澳洲的昆士兰州东岸沿海,非洲的马达加斯岛的东部等地区;3)间接引种植物适应性要优于直接引种植物。

In order to select appropriate source regions and climate zones for Guangzhou to introduce plants, the adaptability of 932species were studied through adaptability evaluation index system built according to the theory of climatic similarity and florogenesis,which were introduced from different source regions and climate zones and had been cultivated for more than 2 years in Guangzhoulandscape plant germplasm repository. The results showed that： 1） the plants introduced from different climate zones showed differentadaptability. The adaptability order was： subtropical monsoonal climate〉tropical monsoonal climate〉subtropical humid monsoonclimate〉tropical rainforest climate〉tropical savannah climate〉tropical drought and semi-drought climate〉Mediterranean climate; 2） theappropriate source regions for Guangzhou to introduce plants were as follows： the Asia region including the southern area of Qinling-Huaihe line, Indo-China Peninsula, the southern area of Philippine Islands, South Asia and so on, the America region including theCaribbean coast, the Amazon coast and the southeastern coast of Florida, the east coast in Australia and the east area of Madagascar inAfrica; 3） the adaptability of plants introduced indirectly were better than that plants introduced directly.