清代漕运图的绘制内容与图幅特征

The Content and the Features of the Ancient Maps about the Water Transport in the Qing Dynasty

清代漕运图作为一类较为特殊的运河图,目前散存于海内外不同藏图机构,尚缺乏系统整理和综合研究。解析美国国会图书馆藏图和中国国家图书馆藏图等,可以看出漕运图与其他类型运河图的主要区别体现在图幅内容上。相比较而言,漕运图的绘制表现区域更为宽泛。其图幅内容不仅包括京杭大运河流域,而且包括洞庭湖以下的长江流域;不仅标注运河沿线的水利工程,而且标注长江中下游的沙洲、矶头等与航运相关的状况。

As the special maps of canals,the maps of the water transport in the Qing dynasty,lack of systematic collection and integrated research,are scattered in various institutions home and abroad. The analysis of the maps in Library of Congress in America and National Library of China shows that the main differences between the maps of water transport and other canals are the content of the maps. Comparatively,the former have broader regions,involving both the watershed of Beijing-hangzhou grand canals and the watershed of Changjiang River under Dongting Lake on the map. In the maps,some shipping related water works,sandbanks and the rocks projecting over the water are reflected.