启蒙的科学精神及其影响——兼论理解启蒙的基本立场

The Scientific Spirit of Enlightenment and Its Effect——Also about the Basic Position of Understanding the Enlightenment

理解启蒙是推进或批判启蒙的基本前提。对启蒙的真切领会只有结合其科学精神,才能切中肯綮。自然科学对启蒙时代具有革命性意义:以自然取代上帝,以自然科学方法取代演绎方法以及以自然主义方式确证人道主义;建立在自然科学模式基础上,启蒙运动对现代世界诸方面产生了深刻影响。一旦将这种科学精神绝对化,变成唯科学主义,在逻辑上便通向各种现代性问题。对待启蒙的基本立场须超越要么否定要么肯定的怪圈,应在领会其精神实质的基础上,看到其深刻影响,进而加以历史地反思。

Understanding the Enlightenment is the basic premise for propulsion or criticism of the Enlightenment.Only it is combined with its spirits of scientific can we grasp the Enlightenment actually.Natural science has revolutionary significance for the Enlightenment.God was replaced by Nature,deductive methods were replaced by natural science methods and it used naturalistic way to corroborate the humanitarian.Based on natural science model,the Enlightenment has had a profound impact for all aspects of modern world.When this scientific socialist spirit reaches its peak,then logically,it will cause various problems of modernity.We should transcend either negative or positive cycle,grasp its basic spirits and its profound influences and reflect upon it historically.