基于GIS的中国地级及以上城市交通可达性与经济发展水平关系分析

The transportation accessibility and comprehensive economic levels of Chinese cities at prefecture level or above based on GIS

文中基于GIS空间分析及IDW空间差值,对我国地级及以上城市中的286个城市的交通可达性与经济发展水平进行分析,借助SPSS软件对二者关系进行曲线拟合。结果表明:交通可达性和经济水平发展较好的城市主要分布在我国沿海地区的京津冀、长三角、珠三角以及内陆的成渝经济区等地;我国地级以上城市的经济发展水平与交通可达性呈正相关关系,交通发展对经济发展起着积极的促进作用;在"交通可达性--经济发展水平"的高中低等级组合中,"高高"组合的城市数量占11%,"高中"占11.5%,"高低"占14%;"中中"占6%,"中低"占46%;"低中"占0.5%,"低低"占11%。处于"中低"和"高低"水平为主,即交通可达性好经济发展水平相对落后的城市占我国地级城市的比例较大。

In this research,we selected 286 Chinese cities at prefecture level or above as the search objects,and used GIS and PCA（ principal component analysis） method to get the cities＇ comprehensive economic values. The cities＇ 3 hours transportation accessibility was obtained through the software of Arc GIS9. 3. The result shows that their relationship was positively related in our country. The transportation accessibility was good in the cities which the economic development level was high. On the contrary,if the cities ＇ transportation accessibility was poor,their economic development level was low. Through research we also found that fifty percent of the cities＇ economic development level and transportation accessibility were both low. In research we use ＂ H＂ represented high, ＂ M＂ represented middle, ＂ L＂ represented low,in the combination of ＂ traffic accessibility- economic development level＂. ＂ HH＂ accounted for 11%, ＂ HM＂ accounted for 11. 5%, ＂ HL＂ accounted for 14%, ＂ MM＂ accounted for 6%, ＂ ML＂ accounted for 46%, ＂ LM＂ accounted for 0. 5%, ＂ LL＂ accounted for 11%. The result shows that the development of the city was mainly ＂ ML＂ and ＂ HM＂. The cities that the economy development and transportation accessibility were in the medium level or above mainly distributed in the ＂ Beijing- Tianjin- Hebei＂, ＂ Yangtze River Delta＂ and ＂ Pearl River Delta＂ urban agglomerations and the inland areas such as the Chengdu- Chongqing Economic Zone.