我国海水养殖资源开发评价及其支持政策分析

Study on the Evaluation and Supporting Policy of Chinese Marine Aquaculture Resources Exploitation

新中国成立以来,我国海水养殖规模不断扩大、产能逐渐攀升和产值快速增长的成绩背后,养殖空间严重萎缩、海域深耕程度偏低、养殖海域水质恶化、海水养殖风险保障不足、养殖产出水平低下、生产组织化程度较低和关联产业发展滞后的突出问题严重制约我国海水养殖资源开发工作。拓展养殖海域空间范围并提高其利用效率、保护适养海域生态环境、完善养殖海域自然灾害防控体系建设、统筹海水养殖科技研发多元投入、提高海水养殖主体风险应对能力、优化海水养殖品种结构、创新海水养殖模式、加快海水养殖合作经济组织建设、推进海水养殖关联产业协同发展、支持海水养殖生产经营模式多样化、深化海水养殖与休闲旅游融合发展是蓝色粮仓建设中我国海水养殖资源高效开发政策的重点选择。

Since the founding of the PRC,with the expand scale of our marine aquaculture exploitation,the improvement of aquaculture capacity and the rapid growth of output value,the severe atrophy of offshore aquaculture areas,the low degree of deep tillage,the grim situation of offshore pollution,frequent outbreaks of marine disasters,the low intensive degree of marine aquaculture,the imbalance of the breed structure,the low efficiency of aquaculture production,the low level of marine aquaculture production organization and the lagging development of related industries in marine aquaculture restrict the efficient exploitation of our marine aquaculture resources. Based on the framework of the construction of the blue granary,in order to promote it,we should expand the spatial pattern actively and improve the space utilization efficiency of marine aquaculture area,protect the ecological environment of sea area which is suitable for aquaculture,improve the construction of natural disasters prevention and control system in marine aquaculture,integrate multiplex R&D investment in marine aquaculture,improve the risk response ability of aquaculture subjects,adjust and optimize the structure of marine aquaculture species,innovative marine aquaculture model,accelerate the construction of economic cooperation organization of marine aquaculture,promote the coordinated development of marine aquaculture related industries,support for the diversification of production and management mode of marine aquaculture and deepen the integration and development of marine culture and leisure tourism.