承德市职业病危害分布及企业管理现状调查

Survey on distribution and hazard management of occupation disease in Chengde city

目的通过了解承德市八县三区职业病危害企业数量、接害职工人数以及不同规模企业职业卫生管理现状,掌握底数,为制定或调整职业病防治规划与措施提供依据。方法统一调查人员培训,按照《职业健康状况调查项目工作方案》和《河北省职业健康状况调查质量工作手册》要求完成对各企业调查数据的填报与收集,建立Excel数据库,运用描述流行病学方法作出分析、评价。结果承德市辖区内存在职业病危害企业数1 117家,其中承德县职业病危害企业最多,占全市的21.40%;接害职工以双滦区最多,占总接害职工的17.51%;以私营、小型企业为主,分别占72.70%和93.73%;确定的10个重点行业涉及企业数占接害总企业数的79.41%,其中以黑色金属矿采选业为最高(26.86%);职业危害以粉尘危害企业最高,为44.20%;不同规模企业职业卫生管理水平普遍不高,小型企业最低。结论承德市职业病危害呈现特征性分布,企业职业卫生管理水平普遍不高。抓住危害分布特征,针对企业管理薄弱的现状进一步加强执法监督,提高企业责任意识,强化企业制度建设与管理,是今后承德市职业病防治的重要工作。

Objective To understand the 8 counties and 3 districts of Chengde city occupation disease harm,the number of employees and the number of enterprises with different scale enterprises and occupation health management situation,grasp the base,provide the basis for the city to develop or adjust the occupation disease prevention planning and measures. Methods Investigated the training of personnel,according to the Occupation health situation survey project work plan and Occupation health situation survey work quality handbook,to complete the survey data collection and report of all enterprises,establish Excel database,using descriptive epidemiological method,analysis,evaluation. Results Under the jurisdiction of Chengde City 1 117 enterprises in Chengde County,occupation disease harm,occupation disease harm most enterprises,accounting for21. 40% of the city,among workers exposed to Shuangluan District most,the total among workers exposed to17. 51%; private,small and medium enterprises,accounted for 72. 70% and 93. 73%; ten key industries identified involving accounted for by the total number of enterprises and 79. 41% enterprises,of which ferrous metal mining industry is the highest of 26. 86%; occupation harm enterprises up to 44. 20% in the dust; the different scale enterprise occupation health management level is generally not high,especially in small and medium enterprises lowest. Conclusions The occupation disease hazards in Chengde city showed the characteristic distribution,enterprise occupation health management level is not high. Should seize the distribution risk,aiming at the weak status of enterprise management,to further strengthen the supervision of law enforcement,improve corporate responsibility consciousness,strengthen the construction and management of enterprise system,should be the future of our city occupation disease prevention and control work.