早产儿出院时宫外生长发育迟缓发生情况及危险因素分析

Analysis on extrauterine growth restriction and related factors in premature infants at discharge

目的探讨早产儿宫外生长发育迟缓(EUGR)发生情况及相关危险因素。方法选取我院NICU 2014年7月至10月收治的101例早产儿,根据出院体重将其分为EUGR组及非EUGR组,分析EUGR早产儿的发生情况及其与母孕期、出生时及出生后危险因素的关系。结果 (1)出院时EUGR发生率为61.4%;(2)EUGR组出生体重、出生时前白蛋白及出院体重均低于非EUGR组,EUGR组住院时间、达完全肠内营养时间均长于非EUGR组,EUGR组母孕期妊高症、患儿IUGR、BPD、NEC、严重贫血发生率均高于非EUGR组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)多因素Logistic回归分析显示出生体重及IUGR是EUGR的高危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 EUGR的发生与多因素有关,加强孕期保健,积极预防、治疗早产儿并发症是避免EUGR的关键。

Objective： To study the incidence and the risk factors of preterm infants associated with extrauterine growth retardation（ EUGR）. Methods： 101 preterm infants born in our NICU during July to October in 2014 were divided into EUGR group and non-EUGR group by the weight. The incidence of EUGR was studied and the related risk factors on pregnancy,on birth and after birth were analyzed. Results：（ 1） The incidence of EUGR at discharge was 61. 4%.（ 2） Compared with non-EUGR group,the birth weight,prealbumin and the birth weight at discharge were lower,the hospitalization days and total enteral nutrition time were longer,the incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension,intrauterine growth restriction,bronchopulmonary dysplasia,necrotizing enterocolitis,severe anemia in infants were higher in EUGR group. The difference was statistically significant（ P 〈 0. 05）.（ 3） The birth weight of infants and intrauterine growth restriction were the high risk factors of EUGR by logistic regression analysis（ P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion： The causes of EUGR are muti-factorial. To strengthen pregnancy care,prevention and treatment of complications of premature infants is the key to avoiding EUGR.