阿尔泰山温泉沟森林公园地衣区系的比较研究

Comparative study of the lichens floristics in Altay Mountain Hot Spring Forest Park in Xinjiang

为了查明阿尔泰山温泉沟森林公园地衣物种组成及区系特征,对不同海拔采集的地衣进行了种类鉴定和区系分析,同时对其他11个地区的地衣区系进行了比较。不同地区间的地衣种属相似性采用Czehanowski系数;地衣的区系丰富性采用左家哺综合系数;地衣区系地理成分的相关性采用主成分分析和聚类分析法进行了比较。结果表明,阿尔泰山温泉沟森林公园地衣区系中,单种科和单种属的比例在该地区地衣种类组成中较高,分别占该地区地衣总科属数的40%和56.52%。属的相似性与额尔齐斯河大峡谷最高为64.15%,种的相似性与哈纳斯国家级自然保护区最高为33.96%,与武夷山地衣的属种相似性最低分别为27.12%和2.27%。地衣科、属、种的丰富度指数,还是综合性丰富性指数较低,所比较的12个地区中排在我国第9位。地衣区系地理成分中,环北极成分占优势,其次为温带成分和世界广布成分,与高等植物区系特征相符。

In order to better understand the lichens species composition and floristic characteristics of Altay Mountain Hot Spring Forest Park, lichens species were collected in different altitude and identified in laboratory, and the floristics of lichens was analyzed in the 11 different area. Czehanowski index was used to analyze species and genus similarity in the different area. Zuojiapu index was used to compare the lichens abundance and principal component, and cluster analysis was used to analyze of the lichens floristic composition in different area. The result shows that the proportion of single species families and genus is higher, respectively 40 % and 56.52 % of the total number of genera and families of research area. The similarity index of genus with Ergis River gorge is 64.15 %, and the similarity index of species with the Hanas National Reservation is 33.96 %, while the genus and species similarities with Wuyi Mountain are 27.12 % and 2.27 %, respectively. Lichens genera and species richness index, and comprehensive richness index are low, which is in the ninth of 12 different areas. Among the lichens species, the circumpolar elements are dominant, and has more number of the temperate zone elements and cosmopolitan elements. The lichens floristic composition is consistent with the floristic characteristics of higher plants of the Altay Mountain.