农业职业教育对养殖农户收入增加影响的研究——基于陕西省面板数据实证分析

EFFECTS OF AGRICULTURAL VOCATIONAL EDUCATION ON AQUACULTURE FARMERS'INCOME IN CHINA BASED ON SHAN'XI PROVINCIAL PANEL DATA

文章基于农业职业教育与农户收入增加的影响关系,依据2009年陕西省养殖农户调查数据,采用Probit模型考察基本变量对农户参与养殖的行为影响,研究结果表明人力资本状况是决定养殖户获得养殖收益的关键因素,个体特征对于农户收益的影响有限。在接受教育程度、有过接受培训经历及技能水平等方面具有优势的农户,其养殖收益比较高。尤其是获得过职业技术培训,取得一定技能的养殖农户,在收益提高方面成效明显。年龄偏大的农户,其获得收入的渠道与数量稳定性相对较好,年龄与其收入水平之间呈现出一种持续上升的关系。健康状况指标与农户收入指标之间没有呈现出显著的对应关系,这可能与参与调查的农户身体健康状况普遍较好有关。基于此,提出通过文化教育促进农户综合素质提升;改进政府服务功能,加强农业职业教育培训;完善农业职业教育长效机制,促使农业职业教育落到实处;加大投入力度,改善农村医疗保健服务设施等建议。

The research is done based on the combination between the vocational education in agriculture and the income of the peasant farmers. According to the survey done on the peasant farmers in Shan＇xi Province in 2009,the influence on the income can be seen as follows： The Human Capital serves as the key factor that decides the growth of farmers＇ income while the characteristic of the individual has a limited effect. Generally speaking,the peasant farmers who received better education,training and skills have higher income,especially for those who obtained vocational training and got certain skills on farming. To sum up,those who are over age can keep stable income and their income goes up with their age. Perhaps because the farmers in the survey are all in good health,the income has little to do with their health. As a result,the cultural education plays an important part in improving peasant farmers＇ comprehensive quality. So it is in need to enhance the government serving functions,and improve the vocational education. Then it is required to better the long- term mechanism of the vocational education in agriculture,which can put the vocational education into practice. Besides,the input in medical care and health needs to be increasing.