库区绿色发展的难点与突破——以三峡库区为例

The Difficulties and Solutions to the Reservoir Region's Green Development——Taking the Three Gorges Reservoir Area as an Example

库区经济具有不同于一般区域经济的特点,包括以水域范围为界限、涉及多个管理主体、承担功能多样化等;绿色发展是库区可持续发展的必然选择。三峡库区既是我国乃至全世界最大的水库淹没区,也是长江上游重点生态保护区,面临着资源开发与生态环保的矛盾、生态脆弱与贫困落后的矛盾、不同管理主体之间的利益冲突以及资源的综合开发与整治、移民可持续性生计等一系列难题。三峡库区绿色发展,需要加快对水域资源产权的确权,建立有效的生态补偿和污染联防联控机制;完善和实施精准扶贫制度,实现全面脱贫致富;构建地区和部门协同发展机制;并对接国家战略,深化对内对外开放。

The economy of the Reservoir Region is different from other region, including taking water region as its border, covering multiple management units, carrying function diversification and so on, and green development is its evitable choice. The Three Gorges Reservoir is the biggest reservoir zone and the key ecological protection area both in China and worldwide. Thus, it faces a series of conflicts and problems such as the conflicts between the resources development and the ecological protection, the contradiction between the ecological fragility and the poverty, the interest conflicts of different managers, the contradiction between comprehensive development and the improvement of resources, and the conflict between sustainable livelihoods of the immigrants. The green development in Three Gorges area needs the definition of the property right of water resources region, establishment of effective ecological compensation and pollution prevention mechanism, precise implementation of the poverty alleviation system, construction of the collaborative development mechanism, connection of the national developmental strategy and the deepening of openness to outside and inside.