间接涉入战争罪的责任:纽伦堡后续对德国企业家的审判

The Corporate Responsibility for the Involvement of War Crimes: The German Industrialists at Nuremberg Subsequent Trials

对公司、企业为战争发动者提供资金、生产武器装备和后勤物资从而间接涉入战争罪的审判起始于二战结束后的纽伦堡审判。纽伦堡国际军事法庭结束后,占领德国的美、苏、英、法四国在各自占领区内分别进行了后续审判,涵盖了直接、间接涉入战争罪的德国企业负责人。对德累斯顿银行董事会成员卡尔·哈斯彻的审判,由于未在在纽伦堡审判中单独列出,较少引起研究注意。这些纽伦堡后续审判中对德国企业家的审判,开创了国际法追究公司战争罪的先河,尽管,也有瑕疵。

The trial of industrialists for their financing war crimes originates from the Nuremberg trials after WWⅡ. Step by the suspending trial against Gustav Krupp,the first German businessman before international military trial,several German industrialists tried on the subsequent Nuremberg trails. These practices could be the pioneer of holding responsibility over private companies for the involvement of war crimes. Karl Rasche,the director of Dresdner Bank,was a defendant of the Ministry Case before American Military Trials in Nuremberg,Germany. He was condemned 7 years imprison for involving plunder and spoliation during war time. It is ignored by main research because it is not a separate trial in subsequent Nuremberg Trials. The analysis of it could attract the academy to illustrate the comprehensive practices concerning the corporate responsibility under international criminal law during that Nuremberg Trials.