转型时期刑法立法的思路与方法

Approaches and Methods in Criminal Law Legislation in a Transitional Period

处于社会转型期的中国刑法立法需要及时转变法益观念,增强新的调控手段,赋予刑法新的机能,积极参与社会治理。活跃的立法与传统刑法观之间拉开了一定距离,从而面临许多新的难题,但并不会带来刑法过度干预的系统风险;犯罪化与刑法谦抑性没有矛盾,不能认为处罚范围越小越好。从总体思路上看,未来应当建立能动、理性、多元的立法机制。从具体方法上看,立法必须保持积极干预社会生活的姿态,改变目前的集中立法模式,但分散立法未必要采用刑法典、单行刑法和附属刑法三足鼎立的方式,而应建构以刑法典为核心,以轻犯罪法为辅助,刑罚和保安处分措施并行的成文刑法体系,形成治安管理处罚法、轻犯罪法、刑法的递进式无缝衔接制裁机制,严密法网但处罚轻缓。

Chinese criminal law legislation in this transitional period needs to transform the concept of legally protected interests in a timely fashion,strengthen new means of regulation,endow criminal law with new functions,and take an active part in social governance.There is a certain distance between active legislation and the traditional ideas of criminal law.Hence such legislation faces many new difficulties,though it would not bring with it the systemic risk of excessive interference by criminal law.Criminalization does not conflict with criminal law's concept of modest restraint,so we cannot conclude that the smaller the scope of punishment,the better.In terms of overall approach,we should establish a dynamic,rational and diversified legislative mechanism for the future.In terms of specific methods,legislation must maintain an approach of active intervention in the life of society,changing the current centralized legislative model.However,decentralized legislation should not necessarily adopt the tripartite model involving the criminal code,individual criminal laws and auxiliary criminal laws,but should construct a written criminal law system centered on the criminal code and supplemented by the law on minor offenses,in parallel with criminal penalties and public security measures.This will produce a mechanism for the seamless incremental convergence of public security administrative punishment law,minor offenses law,and criminal law.The nets of justice are fine-meshed but the penalties are light.