试论机制说明对科学发现的研究

On Scientific Discovery in Approach of Mechanistic Explanation

在生物科学等一些与生命相关学科中,机制说明(mechanistic explanation)正在成为一种主流解释模式,其中一部分学者运用机制说明来考察科学发现的过程,将科学发现看作人类解决问题的认知策略,试图建立一种科学理论发展的动力学,由此回应两种情境的相分问题。他们的研究表明,"科学发现"与"科学辩护"的区分是人为的,对这两个问题的研究,最终应回到科学实践当中,建立一种动态的理论发展模式。

Mechanistic explanation is becoming a mainstream explanatory model in biology and some subjects related to life,in which some researchers investigate the process of scientific discovery using mechanistic explanation.They look scientific discovery as human＇s cognitive strategy about problem-resolving and attempt to build a dynamics of scientific theory development in order to respond the distinction of DJ（context of discovery and context of justification）.Their research shows that the distinction of DJ is artificial;we should come back to realistic scientific practice to study scientific discovery and justification and build a dynamic model of scientific development.