大连市社区儿童青少年突发事件认知水平与安全知识水平现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on the current situations and influencing factors of emergency cognitive level and safety knowledge level of community children and teenagers in the city of Dalian

目的调查大连市社区儿童青少年突发事件认知水平与安全知识水平现状,并分析安全知识水平影响因素,为提高社区儿童青少年的安全健康教育提供参考依据。方法采用自行设计的问卷对1 006名儿童青少年进行调查,运用SPSS 17.0对数据进行分析。结果儿童青少年对触电、地震、火灾、交通、伤害、食物中毒、溺水、踩踏8项突发事件安全知识的知晓率依次为72.5%、64.7%、62.5%、57.2%、46.7%、36.6%、34.4%、5.8%;安全知识得分为(69.82±11.97)分。不同性别儿童青少年在突发事件种类认知、突发事件与生活密切程度和突发事件重视程度三方面均无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同性别儿童青少年对突发事件安全知识知晓率仅在食物中毒方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同性别安全知识得分差异有统计学意义(t=-1.66,P=0.10),女生安全知识得分稍高于男生;不同学龄段儿童青少年对突发事件重视程度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同学龄段儿童青少年对突发事件安全知识知晓率在地震方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同学龄段儿童青少年突发事件安全知识得分差异无统计学意义(t=-1.66,P=0.10)。多元逐步回归分析显示儿童青少年安全知识得分影响因素依次是:是否学生干部、性别、父母婚姻。结论儿童青少年对突发事件认知水平及安全知识知晓水平亟待提高,社区护理人员应联合家长和学校加强儿童青少年安全健康教育,提高其应急能力。

Objective To survey the current situations of emergency cognitive level and safety knowledge level of community children and teenagers in Dalian, analyze the iafluencing factors of safety knowledge level, and provide reference basis for improving safety health education of community children and teenagers. Methods A self-designed questionnaire was adopted to survey 1 006 children and teenagers, SPSS 17. 0 software was used for Statistical analysis. Results The awareness rates of knowledge about electric shock, earthquake, fire, transportation, injury, food poisoning, drowning, and stampede among the children and teenagers were 72. 5% , 64. 7% , 62. 5% , 57.2% , 46. 7% , 36. 6% , 34.4% , and 5.8%, respectively, the score of safety knowledge was （69.82±11.97） points. There was no statistically significant difference in cognition of emergency types, the depth of relationship between emergencies and life, and degree of importance of emergencies between boys and girls （ P〉0. 05 ） . There was no statistically significant difl＇erence in the awareness rate of emergency safety knowledge between boys and girls except food poisoning （ P〈0. 05 ） . There was no statistically significant difference in emergency safety knowledge score between boys and girls （t =- 1.66, P = 0. 10 ） , emergency safety knowledge score in girls was slightly higher than that in boys. There was statistically significant difference in degree of importance of emergencies among the children and teenagers in different age groups （P〈0. 05 ） . There was statistically significant difference in awareness rate of earthquake emergency safety knowledge among the children and teenagers in different age groups （P〈0.05） . There was no statistically significant difference in emergency safety knowledge score among the children and teenagers in different age groups （t =-1.66, P = 0. 10） . Multivariate step-wise regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of emergency salety knowledge score among children and teenagers were student cadre or not, gender, and parental marital status. Conclusion Emergency cognitive level and safety knowledge level of community children and teenagers need to be improved, community nurses and parents, schools should enhance safety health education for children and teenagers to improve their emergency capability.