试论建构主义理论与学科教学的有机相融

On the Construction of the Integration of Theory and Subject Teaching

建构主义理论引发了学科教学的整体性反思,它认为学生学习的过程并非是线性的,而是通过个体内部认知信息加工的方式去构建知识,是一个积极的、主动的学习过程。因此,学科教学应确立以学生中心的理念,调整师生之间角色,构建有意学习环境,促进学生知识结构化。为此,在教学行动过程中应创设有意义的、开放式的教学情境;促进学生认知和行动相互交织,巧设认知冲突,诱发其进行自主探究;引导学生学会交流和分享,突出其对知识的理解应用;同时强化基于教学背景下的学生学习效果的评价,促进学生成为真正知识意义上的主动建构者。

Constructivism holds that students are the active constructors of knowledge meaning,rather than passive recipients of information.The student-centered concept is the starting point and the core of constructivism.Therefore,the teaching should take the good teaching situation as a foundation,to construct the problem as the center,lead to students＇ cognitive conflict,mobilize the enthusiasm of the students,guide students to cooperate and exchange,active participation,willing to explore,make students really become the active construction of knowledge.