杭州湾南岸海水中的氯酚类化合物的污染特征及生态风险评价

Characteristics and ecological risk of selected chlorophenols in seawater of the south Hangzhou Bay

应用气相色谱质谱联用（GC-MS）技术测定了杭州湾南岸18个站位海水中的19种氯酚（CPs）,氯酚总量范围是16.71-2.181×10^4ng/L。从结构上看,杭州湾南岸海水中以低氯代的氯酚为主。运用主成分分析法确定其分布特征和污染情况,可以将氯酚分为高、低含量2组,2-氯酚、4-氯酚和2,4,6-三氯酚是主要氯酚污染物。污染程度从高到低依次为镇海〉余姚〉慈溪,其中镇海泥螺山、新泓闸海区、慈溪淡水泓近岸和余姚黄家埠的污染较为严重。采用风险商进行生态风险分析,发现杭州湾南岸海水中的氯酚已具有一定程度的环境风险,需要进一步的监测并采取相应措施减少污染。

Implementing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（ GC-MS） into determination of 19 kinds of chlorophenols（ CPs） of 18 stations on the south bank of Hangzhou Bay,the total range of Chlorophenols is from 16. 71 to2. 181 × 10^4ng·L^-1. structurally,the seawater on the south bank of Hangzhou Bay is dominated by low chlorinated chlorophenols. Determining the distribution principal and pollution situation by using Principal Component Analysis,in that way,Chlorophenols can be divided into two groups,which are high and low levels,2 2-chlorophenol,4-chlorophenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol are the major chlorophenols pollution. The order of pollution level from high standard to low standard is Zhenhai〉 Yuyao〉 Cixi. Among them,the pollution of Zhenhai Xinhongzha sea area,Zhenhai Niluoshan,Cixi Danshuihong littoral zone and Yuyao Huangjiabu are comparatively serious. Processing the Ecological Risk Assessment by using risk quotient has figured out environmental risks of chlorophenols on the south bank of Hangzhou Bay in some degree,which needs the further monitoring and appropriate measures to reduce pollution.