酒精性肝病动物模型研究进展

Animal models of alcohol liver diseases

长期饮酒是全世界导致慢性肝病的重要原因,可导致肝硬化和肝癌。缺乏能够完全模拟人类酒精性肝病的动物模型限制了酒精性肝病病理机制的研究。因此,建立或者改进酒精性动物模型对于研究酒精性肝病机制,进而提出治疗方案具有重要意义。目前,使用最广泛的酒精性肝损伤模型有急性酒精灌胃模型、Lieber-De Carli模型、Tsukamoto-French模型和Gao-binge模型等,该文总结并评价了这些酒精性肝病的动物模型,这些动物模型为研究酒精性肝病和开发新的治疗性药物提供了非常有用的研究工具。

Chronic alcohol consumption is a leading cause of chronic liver diseases worldwide,resulting in cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Almost all heavy drinkers develop fatty liver,but only 20% ~ 40% of them develop more severe forms of alcoholic liver diseases such as alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic fibrosis,and the underlying mechanisms that contribute to the disease progression remain largely unknown. The animal models which can mimic human alcoholic liver diseases are very necessary tools for better understanding and exploring the therapy strategy of the disease. Currently,the most widely used models for alcoholic liver injury are Lieber-De Carli model,TsukamotoFrench model,Gao-binge model and others. Here we summarize the recent advances in animal models recapitulating different features and etiologies of human alcoholic liver diseases. These animal models will be very useful for the mechanism study of alcoholic liver diseases and further new therapeutic drug screening.