乳腺X线和超声检查对T1及Tis期乳腺癌的诊断效能比较

The diagnostic efficacy of breast X - ray and ultrasonography in T1 and Tis of breast cancer

目的对T1和Tis期乳腺癌患者分别采用乳腺X线及超声检查进行早期诊断，并对其诊断效能进行分析与探讨。方法选取接受治疗且具备完整超声检查与乳腺X线资料的T1与Tis期乳腺癌患者242例，对比两种影像学方法对乳腺癌患者的诊断准确率与检出率。结果根据乳腺X线将纤维腺体类型分为脂肪型35个（13．46％）、少量纤维腺体型91个（35．00％）、多量纤维腺体型109个（41．92％）和致密型乳腺25个（9．62％）。在检出率方面，脂肪型与少量纤维腺体型乳腺，X线病变检出率明显高于超声检查，差异有统计学意义（χ^2=8．74、21．70，均P〈0．05）；对于多量纤维腺体型乳腺，两种方法病变检出率差异无统计学意义（χ^2=0．14，P〉0．05）；对于致密型乳腺，超声病变检出率明显高于乳腺X线检查，差异有统计学意义（χ^2=6．64，P〈0．05）。在准确率方面，对于脂肪型乳腺，两种方法诊断准确率相同；对于少量纤维腺体型乳腺，乳腺X线诊断准确率高于超声检查；对于致密型和多量纤维腺体型乳腺，超声检查准确率优于乳腺X线。各组之间差异均无统计学意义（χ^2=0．00、0．69、1．33、3．42，均P〉0．05）。结论对于少量纤维腺体型T1与Tis期乳腺癌患者而言，采用乳腺X线进行早期筛查准确率与检出率更高，而超声检查更适用于纤维腺体量较少的T1与Tis期乳腺癌患者。

Objective To evaluate the early diagnosis of patients with T1 and Tis breast cancer,and to ana- lyze and explore the diagnostic efficacy of breast cancer. Methods 242 patients with T1 and Tis breast cancer who received treatment were selected. The diagnostic accuracy and detection rate of two kinds of imaging methods for breast cancer were compared. Results 35 （ 13.46% ） ,91 （35.00%）, 109（41.92% ） and 25（9.62% ） of the dense breast were classified by the X - ray of the breast. In the detection rate, fat type and a small amount of fiber gland body breast, the detection rate of X ray was significantly higher than that of ultrasound examination, the differences were statistically significant （χ^2= 8.74,21. 70,all P 〈 0.05 ） ;the two methods for the detection of fiber gland type breast had no statistically significant difference （χ^2= 0.14, P 〉 0.05 ）. For the dense breast, the detection rate of ultrasonography was significantly higher than breast X - ray, and the difference was statistically significant （χ^2= 6.64, P 〈 0.05 ）. In accuracy,the diagnostic accuracy of the two methods was the same for the fat type. For a small amount of fiber gland type breast, breast X - ray diagnosis was higher than ultrasound. There were no significant differences between the two groups （χ^2=0.00,0.69,1.33,3.42,all P 〉0.05）. Conclusion For a small amount of T1 and Tis breast cancer patients, the early screening accuracy and detection rate of ultrasound examination is more suitable for the volume of T1 and Tis in patients with breast cancer.