青岛市高中学生结核病防治健康教育效果评价

Senior school students' tuberculosis prevention and control health education effect assessment of Qingdao city

目的调查评估青岛市高中学生结核病防治健康教育效果,为开展学校结核病防治健康教育提供参考依据。方法整群随机抽样6所高中学校,在入学新生24个班开展结核病防治常规健康教育,采用自行设计结核病调查问卷,评估健康教育前后学生结核病相关知识、态度、获取方式途径和心理需求水平。结果人群核心信息总知晓率由干预前的59.65%提高到干预后的90.87%,肺结核的传播途径、主要症状、治疗单位、免费政策、愈后的知晓率分别由干预前的79.12%、57.04%、48.05%、42.75%和71.27%提高到干预后的94.02%、90.57%、86.35%、89.02%和94.37%;正性态度及正性行为方面,对待患有肺结核病同学的正确态度总持有率由干预前的28.71%提高到干预后的85.71%,其中建议患者隔离治疗、能正确对待患者及愿意督导患者的分别由干预前的33.12%、28.03%和24.98%提高到干预后的87.05%、84.73%和85.36%;干预前学生接受结核病知识的主要途径为电视、报纸等媒体,干预后学生需求的健康教育方式主要是健康教育课、现场宣传活动等。结论学校开展常规结核病健康教育是有效的和可行的。

Objective To understand the effect of carrying out health education of senior school students in Qingdao City. so as to provide scientific basis for formulating tuberculosis prevention and control strategies of school. Methods The method of random cluster sampling was used in carrying out health education intervention on 24 classes of freshmen in 6 senior schools. The investigation was conducted by a questionnaire for tuberculosis related knowledge before and after the intervention,then evaluated the effect of this intervention. Results The total awareness rate increased from 59. 65% before the intervention to 90. 87%. The awareness rates of the transmission route,the main symptoms,the place where to treat tuberculosis,the free treatment policy and the treatment effect turned to 94. 02%,90. 57%,86. 35%,89. 02% and 94. 37% from 79. 12%,57. 04%,48. 05%,42. 75% and 71. 27%. The total holding rate of right attitude to treat patients with tuberculosis classmates increased from28. 71% to 85. 71%. Before the health education program,33. 12% of them could advise patients treated in isolation,28. 03%of them could not discriminate against patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and 24. 98% of them would to be volunteers to supervise the patients. After the program digitals changed to 87. 05%,84. 73% and 85. 36 % respectively. Before the intervention the main way that the students accepted TB knowledge was the mass media such as newspaper. After the intervention the health education mode that students like are health education classes,field campaign etc. Conclusion Health education can improve the awareness of tuberculosis prevention knowledge,the possession rate of positive attitude and positive behavior in senior school students.