云南省2012-2014年HIV-1流行毒株亚型分布特征

Characteristics and distribution of HIV-1 subtypes in Yunnan province

目的研究云南省目前艾滋病病毒1型(HIV-1)流行毒株的亚型分布特点。方法收集2012-2014年云南省14个地市731例在定点医院随访的HIV感染者或艾滋病患者的血样及流行病学调查信息,采用反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)扩增HIV-1的3′半分子约4.5kb(包含env基因全长),序列校对后用Genotyping、MEGA6.06和BLAST工具软件确定毒株亚型,分析云南省HIV-1的地区和人群分布特征。结果共获得731例样本的224条半分子序列,各亚型HIV-1毒株及其所占的比例分别为CRF08_BC 58.0%,CRF01_AE 18.3%,CRF07_BC11.6%,未知重组8.0%,B(B′)亚型2.7%和C亚型1.3%。在德宏州和西双版纳主要以CRF01_AE为主,其余地州以CRF08_BC为主,在临沧、红河、玉溪、曲靖CRF08_BC占绝对优势(>70%)。以上6种亚型的人口学特征(性别、年龄、婚姻状况、民族)及感染途径分布差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),B(B′)或C与CRF01_AE、B与C两种未知型重组在传播途径上的分布差异亦无统计学意义。结论运用3′半分子来确定病毒亚型,和前期2008-2009年的研究比较,云南省的HIV-1毒株在地域、人口学、传播途径等特征的分布上较之前有变化,仍有新型重组毒株出现,应密切监测流行趋势变化。

Objective To investigate the genetic subtypes and the characteristics and distribution of HIV-1strains prevalent in Yunnan.Methods 731HIV/AIDS plasma specimens and epidemiological information were collected in 2012-2014 from 14prefectures of Yunnan.Viral RNA were extracted and then amplified using RT-PCR,about 4.5kb 3＇halves fragment obtained and directly sequenced,sequences collated and then HIV-1subtypes were determined by Genotyping,MEGA 6.06 and BLAST analysis,described regional and population distribution of HIV-1.Results Of the 731 plasma specimens,a total number of 224 genomic sequences were successfully amplified and sequenced.After genotype identified,the subtypes of HIV-l strains were prevalent with the order of constituent ratio CRF08_BC（58.0%）,CRF01_AE（18.3%）,CRF07_BC（11.6%）,unknown recombinant forms（8.0%）,B（B′）（2.7%）and C（1.3%）.HIV-1had features of geographical distribution.CRF01_AE was dominant in the areas of Dehong and Xishuangbanna,and CRF08_BC was prevailing in Lincang,Honghe,Yuxi,Qujing,and other areas by more than 70.0%.However,the subtypes distributions of HIV-1in demographic characteristics showed no statistical significance（P〉0.05）.There was no statistical difference between the distributions of the two unknown recombinant forms B（B′）C and CRF01_AE with subtype B or C in modes of infection.Conclusion In the case of HIV-1molecule,3＇halves are used for genotyping.Compared with previous researches conducted in 2008-2009,subtypes of HIV-1strains prevalent in Yunnan show some differences in the distributions of geography,demography and transmission routes.More new recombinants have emerged and the epidemiological situation should be monitored closely.