农业市场化、农业现代化与环境污染

Agricultural Marketing,Agricultural Modernization and Environmental Pollution

农业市场化、农业现代化与环境污染的关系可归结为3种效应:一是直接效应,农业市场化水平越高,农业要素的配置效率越高,引起的环境污染越少;二是中介效应,农业市场化促进农业现代化发展,农业现代化又影响环境污染;三是间接效应,农业现代化影响环境污染,农业市场化会加重或减弱这种影响。利用2007—2011年中国30个地区的面板数据检验上述3种效应。研究发现:农业市场化对环境污染的直接效应和间接效应都是存在的,农业现代化的中介效应尚未显现。结果表明:农业现代化水平的提高并未降低环境污染,反而恶化了环境质量;而农业市场化不仅有利于降低农业污染,还会减弱农业现代化对环境的恶化,在两型农业建设中发挥着积极作用。

The relationships between agricultural marketing, agricultural modernization and environmental pollution are summarized into three effects. The first one is direct effect, which means the lower agricultural marketing level is, the higher the allocation efficiency is, and the less environmental pollution will be. The second one is mediating effect, which means that the agricultural marketing promotes agricultural modernization, and then influences the environmental pollution. The third one is indirect effect,which means that the agricultural marketing influences the relationship between agricultural modernization and environmental pollution. Using provincial panel data from 2007 to 2011, these three effects were checked. It was found that, the direct effect and indirect effect were present and there was no mediating effect. Therefore, agricultural modernization did harm for environment, while agricultural marketing was good for the reduction of agricultural pollution.