试论舞蹈治疗对特殊儿童身心发展的作用

The Theoretical Basis of Dance Therapy towards Mental and Physical Development of Exceptional Children

舞蹈治疗在特殊儿童群体身心发展的应用上受到了越来越多的关注。这一现象有着坚实的理论基础:其一,具有"体验式"受众拓展和"团体动力学"内涵的舞蹈治疗过程,无意间建立起了特殊儿童群体的人际关系和社会建构;其二,舞蹈治疗的天然优势符合特殊儿童治疗中应遵循的"缺陷补偿"机制;其三,精神分析、行为主义和人本主义三大心理学流派都为舞蹈治疗的展开奠定了基础。本文分析了舞蹈治疗对特殊儿童身心发展产生的作用,以期进一步开展和推进舞蹈在特殊儿童群体中的有益影响,使舞蹈的功能得到更为充分开发。

The application of dance therapy in the treatment of exceptional children has drawn attention recently,which is the phenomenon with solid theoretical foundation. First,the treatment process which contains both ＂experiencing＂audience development and group dynamics could build up the interpersonal relationship and society construction of exceptional children unconsciously. Then the natural advantage endowed by the dance therapy match with ＂defect compensation ＂ mechanism need to be conformed to the therapeutic process concerning to the exceptional children. Moreover,the three psychological schools： psychoanalysis,behaviorism and humanism all lay solid foundation for the progress of dance therapy. The paper analyses the effects of the application of dance therapy in the development of exceptional children＇s bodies and minds,in the hope of further improvement of the beneficial influence of dance on exceptional children and the full development of the function of dance popularization.