安阳市中学生父母教养方式应对方式与心理健康状况的关系

Parental rearing patterns, coping styles and mental health among middle school students

目的了解中学生心理健康状况及其与父母教养方式、应对方式之间的关系,为促进中学生心理健康提供有效干预。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,用父母教养方式量表(EMBU)、中学生应对方式量表和中学生心理健康量表(MMHI-60)对河南省安阳市5所监测学校共1 541名学生进行问卷调查。结果中学生心理问题检出率为38.61%,其中轻度为31.67%,中度为6.23%,重度为0.71%。不同性别、学段学生父母教养方式、应对方式和心理健康状况比较,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。Pearson相关分析显示,父母教养方式与中学生心理健康水平密切相关(P值均<0.01),应对方式除社会支持外,其他各因子均与中学生心理健康水平各维度相关(P值均<0.01)。多元逐步回归分析显示,应对方式的幻想否认、发泄情绪、忍耐、积极合理化解释和父亲的惩罚严厉与母亲的拒绝、否认是影响中学生心理健康的重要因素(P值均<0.05)。结论安阳市中学生心理健康状况不容忽视,且与父母教养方式、应对方式密切相关。

Objective To explore the effects of parental rearing patterns, coping styles and mental health of middle school students. Methods There were 1 541 students from 5 schools in Anyang city selected by multistage stratified cluster sampling method. They were investigated with Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran（ EMBU） and coping style and Mental Health Inventory of Middle School Students（ MMHI- 60）. Results The detection rate of psychological problem among middle school students was 38. 61%, with mild, moderate and severe problems being 31. 67%, 6. 23% and 0. 71%, respectively. There were significant differences in parental rearing patterns, coping styles and mental health among middle school students in different gender and grades（ P〈0. 05）. Pearson correlation analysis showed that parental rearing patterns were closely related to the middle school students＇ mental health（ P〈0. 01）. Each factors except social support of coping styles was related to middle school students＇ mental health（ P 0. 01）. Multiple stepwise regressions found that approach, denial, venting, patience, and positive rational explanation, paternal punishment and maternal refusal, deny were main factors influencing middle school students＇ mental health. Conclusion In Anyang city, middle school students＇ mental health status should not be ignored, and is closely related to parental rearing patterns and coping styles.