淮北市2009—2011年儿童伤害病例特征分析

Analysis on characteristics of children injured cases during 2009-2011 in Huaibei

目的了解2009—2011年淮北市儿童伤害病例的分布特征,为儿童伤害的干预提供科学依据。方法对因伤害首次在淮北市3家伤害监测哨点医院就诊的儿童病例进行描述性分析。结果 3 a共收集儿童伤害病例3 277例,占伤害总病例数的16.41%,其中男女性别比为2.36∶1,病例年龄以5-14岁为主（45.19%）。儿童伤害病例发生原因前5位依次为跌倒坠落、机动车车祸、钝器伤、烧烫伤和刀锐器伤（46.48%,16.20%,9.09%,9.00%,7.78%）;伤害发生地点前4位依次为家中、公路街道、学校与公共场所和公共居住场所（37.26%,23.80%,21.27%,11.02%）;发生时活动前4位为休闲活动、体育运动、家务学习和驾乘交通工具（61.37%,8.09%,7.84%,7.75%）;伤害意图以非故意伤害为主（93.38%）;伤害部位前3位为头部、上肢和下肢（44.19%,23.01%,18.86%）;伤害程度以轻度和中度为主（59.53%,37.50%）;伤害结局以治疗后回家和观察/住院/转院为主（54.44%,45.29%）。结论儿童主要伤害类型为跌倒坠落伤和交通事故伤害,伤害干预重点为男性和5-14岁年龄段人群。伤害干预策略应充分考虑儿童的年龄与发育阶段等因素的影响。

Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of children injured cases from 2009 to 2011 in Huaibei city in order to provide scientific basis for interventions of children injury. Methods Descriptive analysis was carried out on children＇s injury cases in the sentinel hospitals for the first time. Results A total of 3 277 injured cases were reported in three years,accounting for 16. 41% in the total number of injury cases. Boys＇ injuries were more than girls and male to female sex ratio was2. 36∶ 1. Main cases occurred in the 5- 14 aged groups. The main causes were falls（ 46. 68%）, motor vehicle traffic accidents（ 16. 20%）, blunt force injuries（ 9. 09%）, burns（ 9. 00%） and knife sharp injuries（ 7. 78%）. The main locations where the injuries happened were home（ 37. 26%）, road / street（ 23. 80%）, school public places（ 21. 27%） and public live places（ 11. 02%）.The injuries mainly occurred during leisure time（ 61. 37%）, physical exercises（ 8. 09%）, housework / learning（ 7. 84%） and driving or vehicle（ 7. 75%）. Most cases were unintentional（ 93. 38%）. The major injured body parts were head（ 44. 19%）, upper limbs（ 23. 01%） and lower limbs（ 18. 86%）. The severities of injuries were minor and moderate ones（ 59. 53%, 37. 50%）. The main ending of injuries included going home after treatment（ 54. 44%） or observation / in hospital / being transferred to another hospital（ 45. 29%）. Conclusion The main children injures are falls and motor vehicle traffic accidents. Intervention of children injuries should focus on male and 5- 14 years age group. The effects of children＇s age and development stage should be considered when making injury intervention strategy.