纳米包装材料对双孢菇细胞壁代谢及品质的影响

Effects of Nano-Packaging on Cell Wall Metabolism and Postharvest Qualities of Agaricus bisporus

在包装材料中添加纳米银、纳米二氧化钛、纳米凹凸棒土和纳米二氧化硅,制备了一种纳米聚乙烯(polyethylene,PE)包装袋,通过实验来探讨纳米包装材料对双孢菇在贮藏期间的细胞壁代谢和相关酶活性的影响及其保鲜机理。在(4±0.5)℃、相对湿度(90±5)%贮藏条件下测定包装袋内CO2含量、双孢菇的硬度、褐变度、总酚含量、木质素含量、纤维素含量、几丁质含量、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性指标的变化。结果显示,与普通PE包装材料相比,添加纳米粒子的包装材料能够较好地保持双孢菇的质地,抑制子实体的自溶、木质化劣变的现象。贮藏10 d后,纳米包装袋内CO2含量、双孢菇褐变度、纤维素、木质素含量分别比普通PE包装低10.5%、32.2%、15.2%和22.2%,达到显著性差异(P<0.05)。纳米PE包装袋能够有效地抑制贮藏期间双孢菇木质素的积累、组织纤维化及相关酶活性的上升,较好地保持了双孢菇贮藏品质,延长了贮藏时间。

A nano-packaging material containing nano silver, nano titanium dioxide, nano attapulgite and nano silica was prepared and used to investigate its effect on cell wall metabolism of and related enzyme activities of Agaricus bisporusincluding CO2 concentration, firmness, browning degree and the contents of total phenols, lignin, cellulose and chitin, as well as the activities of phenylalanine ammonialyase（PAL） and peroxidase（POD） during storage at（4 ± 0.5） ℃ and relative humidity of（90 ± 5）%. Results suggested that compared with normal polyethylene（PE） packaging material, the nano-packaging material could better maintain the texture of Agaricus bisporus and inhibit the autolysis and lignification of fruiting bodies. After 10 days of storage, CO2 concentration in the package, and browning degree and cellulose and lignin contents of Agaricus bisporus were significantly decreased by 10.5%, 32.2%, 15.2% and 22.2%, respectively, as compared with normal packaging material（P〈0.05）. The nano-packaging material could maintain the storage quality and extend the shelf life of Agaricus bisporu by inhibiting the accumulation of lignin and cellulose and increasing related enzyme activities.