试论潘懋元教授治学的逻辑方法

On the Logical Method of Professor PAN Mao-yuan's Scholastic Pursuits

逻辑方法作为我国教育学治学的一种一般方法受到了后现代主义思潮的质疑和挑战。探讨教育学家潘懋元教授治学的逻辑方法,对于重新评估它对教育学和其他社会科学研究的方法论价值,回应这一挑战,有重要启示。逻辑方法在他治学中的作用体现在三个方面:第一,理论创新上,它是确证新观点的方法;第二,学术交流中,它是进行表达和理解的方法;第三,思想评价中,又是评价论证的方法。潘懋元教授奉行逻辑方法的原因,在于他深刻认识到科学研究与逻辑工具之间内在的必然联系。人类思想史表明,科学研究实质上就是提出新观点并加以论证的思想活动过程。诉诸论证就是诉诸逻辑。这就涉及概念、命题、推理和思维规律等一系列具体的逻辑问题。理论创新、学术交流和思想评价无法回避对它们的"回答"。他的学术成就,得益于他对逻辑方法自觉的理论认识和忠实的治学践行。他的哲学背景和崇尚逻辑方法的治学经验表明,他对后现代主义者万法皆可的方法论主张持保留态度。

Logical methods,which has long been regarded as the general methods in Chinese pedagogy,are now doubted and challenged by postmodern scholars.To probe into the logical methods of the educationist,Professor PAN Maoyuan＇s academic pursuit will respond to those challenges and contribute significant enlightenment to re-evaluating its values in pedagogy and other social science research.The function of logical methods in his scholastic pursuit are embodied in three aspects.First,in terms of theoretical innovation,it is a method for proving new thoughts.Second,during academic exchanges,it is a method of expressing and comprehending.Third,in ideological evaluation,it is a method of evaluation and argument.The reason why Professor PAN pursues logical methods is that he has profoundly realized the necessary connections between science research and logical tools.The history of human thoughts has indicated that science research is essentially presenting new thoughts and then proving them.When proving,one has to resort to logic,which will refer to a series of specific logical questions such as conception,proposition,ratiocination and thinking law,to whose questions neither theoretical innovation nor academic exchange nor ideological evaluation can avoid giving answers.His academic achievement profits from his conscientious theoretic understanding of logical methods and honest attitudes.His philosophy background and experience with logical methods indicate that he has reservations about the viewpoints of postmodernists,who advocate that every method should be available.