新型油溶性沥青质分散剂抑制重质原油沥青质沉积的研究

SYNTHESIS AND PERFORMANCE OF NEW OIL-SOLUBLE ASPHALTENE DISPERSANTS FOR XINJIANG HEAVY CRUDE

针对新疆重质原油沥青质沉积严重的问题,以聚异丁烯丁二酸酐、苯胺和对氨基苯酚为原料合成了尾部基团为高度枝链化的聚异丁烯基、头部基团分别为苯基及酚羟基的新型油溶性沥青质分散剂PA1和PA2。采用分光光度法与显微镜法评价了所合成分散剂对沥青质沉积的抑制效果。实验结果表明,分散剂PA2抑制沥青质沉积作用效果优于PA1。通过对分散剂PA2抑制沥青质沉积作用效果的评价,确定了最佳合成条件:对氨基苯酚与聚异丁烯丁二酸酐摩尔比为1.2,反应温度为120℃,反应时间为6h。在分散剂PA2加入量为200mg/L的条件下可以将新疆重质原油的初始絮凝点由-19.87提高到8.63,显著改善了新疆重质原油的稳定性。

To solve the serious asphaltene precipitation problem of Xinjiang heavy crude oil, two new oil-soluble asphaltene dispersants PAl and PA2 with highly branch chain polyisobutylene base at back- end, but with phenyl and phenolic hydroxyl at front-ends, respectively were designed and synthesized with polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, aniline, and aminophenol. The inhibitory effects of the ob- tained dispersants on asphaltene precipitation were evaluated by spectrophotometry and microscope methods. The results show that the asphaltene dispersant PA2 which has a phenolic hydroxyl of front- end performs better than PAl with a phenyl front-end. The optimum synthesis conditions for PA2 are as follows： 1.2 ： 1 of n（p-aminophenol） ：n（polyisobutylene succinic anhydride）, 120℃ of reaction temper- ature and 6 hours of reaction time. When the dosage of PA2 dispersant is 200 mg/L, the asphaltenes flocculation onset of Xinjiang heavy crude oil can be increased from --19.87 to 8.63.