塔河常压渣油中亚组分化学组成与结构分析

SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF SARA IN TAHE ATMOSPHERIC RESIDUE

以塔河常压渣油为原料，利用经典液固吸附色谱法将渣油分离为饱和分（Sa）、芳香分（Ar）、胶质（Re）和沥青质（As）。在核磁共振氢谱1HNMR分析基础上，结合FT-IR、元素分析、相对分子质量测定（GPC）及uV等表征手段，采用改进的Brown-Ladner法计算一系列结构参数。结果表明：常压渣油中亚组分的芳香度（fA）由小到大的顺序为饱和分（O．01）〈芳香分（O．43）〈胶质（0．47）〈沥青质（0．57）；饱和分的烷基碳率（fP）高达0．79；沥青质的环烷碳率（fN）仅为0．05，但其缔合度（n）高达12．15；饱和分主要由链烷烃组成，而沥青质是常压渣油中缩合程度最高且富含大量稠环芳烃类物质，致使其残炭量高；芳香分、胶质和沥青质主要以3～4环的蒽、菲、苯并蒽等芳香片为主，胶质和沥青质中均存在少量5环或5环以上的芳香片结构，且其在沥青质中含量更高，其化学结构均以渺位缩合为主，迫位缩合为辅。

The atmosphere residue of Tahe was separated into four fractions （saturate, aromatic, resin, asphaltene） by liquid-solid adsorption chromatography. The relative structure parameters were calculated based on the 1H NMR spectrum, combining FT-IR, ultimate analysis, GPC, UV spectrum, and modified Brown-Ladner＇s method. The results show that the aromaticity order of the four fractions is as follows：saturate （0.01）〈aromatic （0.43）〈resin （0.47）〈asphaltene （0.57）. The alkyl carbon weight ratio of saturate is up to 0.79. The naphthenic carbon weight ratio of asphaltene is just 0.05 with association number of as high as 12.15. The saturates are mainly composed o{ alkyl chains while asphaltene contains large amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and has the highest condensation degree that results in the highest residue carbon. In addition, resin and asphaltene has mainly 3 or 4 rings, such as anthracene, phenanthrene and benzanthracene. Resin and asphaltene contains a small a- mount of 5 or more than 5 ring aromatic compounds, and its content is higher in the asphaltene with chemical structure of catacondensation supplemented by peri-condensation.