新疆伊犁州职业人群职业紧张与职业倦怠的现况及相关性研究

The study of occupational crowd occupational stress and job burnout status and correlation in Yili Kazak autonomous Prefecture,Xinjiang province

目的了解新疆伊犁哈萨克自治州职业人群职业紧张与职业倦怠的现况,探究职业倦怠与职业紧张的关系。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法,抽取伊宁市的2 000名年龄18~60岁的职业人群作为样本,使用职业倦怠问卷和工作紧张测量问卷进行调查。结果问卷回收率为90.95%,与其他职业比较,医务人员与工人（包括进城打工者）的职业紧张各维度和职业倦怠各维度（除成就感降低）得分均明显高于其他职业人群（P〈0.05）;与低度紧张组职业人群比较,除成就感降低得分较低外,中、高度紧张组职业人群的职业倦怠各维度得分均较高（P〈0.05）;相关分析结果显示,职业人群的职业紧张各维度与情感耗竭、人格解体和职业倦怠呈正相关（P〈0.05）,与成就感降低呈负相关（P〈0.05）;进一步进行Logistic回归分析显示,女性、教师、军人、公务员、医务人员和职业紧张是职业倦怠的危险因素。结论职业紧张与职业倦怠存在显著的相关关系,降低职业紧张程度,有助于改善职业人群的职业倦怠状况。

Objective To study the popular status of occupational stress and job burnout of occupational people in Yili Kazak autonomous Prefecture,Xinjiang province and analyze the relationship between occupational stress and job burnout.Methods Using the appropriate job burnout questionnaire and job strain measurement scale,2000 professional people in Yining city who aged between 18 to 60were investigated with multistage stratified random cluster sampling.Results The recovery rate of questionnaire was 90.95%.Occupational stress and job burnout had statistically significant differences in different occupation（P〈0.05）.Compared with low tension group of professional people,in addition to a sense of achievement scored lower,each dimension of job burnout has higher score in medium and high tension（P〈0.05）.The factors of occupational stress and emotional exhaustion,depersonalization,and job burnout are positively related（P〈0.05）,which negatively related to the reduce of a sense of achievement（P〈0.05）.Logistic regression analysis showed that women,teachers,soldiers,civil servants,doctors and job stress are risk factors of job burnout.Conclusion Occupational stress and job burnout are significantly correlated,and reducing the occupational stress can help to reduce the job burnout status of occupational population.