关陇理学家牛树梅的儒学知识分子观与晚清社会风俗改良

Niu Shu-mei's Consciousness of Confucian Scholar and Social Ideal as a Cuan-long Neo-confucianism in Late Qing Dynasty

面对晚清动乱的社会现实,关陇著名理学家牛树梅认为,挽救国家民族危难的关键在于挽救风俗,而挽救风俗的关键又在有理学信仰的儒士身上。儒士关系重大,上要辅助治国,下须表正风俗,是连接官民之枢纽。因而必须要整顿士风,加大对士之志的培养,重视士行,并在日常人伦现实生活实践中检验士行的真伪高低。以改良士风实现对社会风俗的改良,从而维护社会稳定,挽救国家民族于危难之间。

Facing the turbulent social reality in late Qing Dynasty, Niu Shu-mei who was a famous Cuan-Long neo-Confucianism thought that the key to pull the nation out of the fire was saving social customs. But how to save social customs, Confucian scholar who had neo-Confucianism belief was considered the key figures. As a assistant to govern the country and rectify the social customs, Confucian scholar was a key position of connecting government between people and had great responsibility. But Confucian scholar＇s neo-Confucianism belief was weak and the Confucian scholar＇s habits was bad in Niu Shu-mei＇s Dynasty. So, Niu Shu-mei thought must rectify Confucian scholar＇s ？habits and upgraded the cultivation of Confucian scholar＇s ambition. He attached great importance to Confucian scholar＇ behavior which should be tested in real life practice. Though rectifing Confucian scholar＇s habits, Niu Shu-mei thought that social customs can be saved, the the society would remain stable, and the national crisis also could be solved.